2019年2月13日 星期三

The Cuddly Quokka 短尾矮袋鼠:萌遍全球的快樂動物


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The Cuddly Quokka  短尾矮袋鼠:萌遍全球的快樂動物
by William Ryan


    

  Rottnest Island is a stunning, Mediterranean-like isle and favored holiday spot off the coast of western Australia. Visitors to Rottnest can hike, surf, fish, or just laze around. But for many, the quokka, a cute, happy-looking, furry animal, is easily the main __1__. There are now around 10,000 of these highly popular marsupials living the good life on Rottnest. Seventeenth-century Dutch explorers, who had __2__ them for rats, originally gave the island its name, meaning rats’ nest.
  Though they are __3__ as vulnerable, quokkas have no predators on the island. They have a natural ease around humans and photogenic faces that make them always look happy. These __4__, along with their adorable size, which is about the same as a housecat, make the fate of the quokka a prominent cause among conservationists and ordinary people alike.
  Quokkas live in much smaller numbers on the Australian mainland. There, these cuddly creatures are subject to predation by cats and foxes, and their __5__ are under threat, mainly from the logging industry. By __6__ tourists on Rottnest Island to snap selfies with quokkas, conservationists and local wildlife officials have helped turn these animals into a viral sensation. This, in turn, has brought more visitors to Rottnest Island and more __7__ for their cause. Internet celebrity status has made it easier for conservationists to get more people to care about quokkas. In __8__, each selfie increases awareness of their situation.
  There is a strict rule against touching quokkas, though, because they have been known to attack humans if they feel __9__. There is also a prohibition against feeding them. Quokkas are herbivores, and it has been determined that any type of human-made food is __10__ to their health. Violating either of these rules brings a fine of around US$110. If you go, take all the selfies you want. Just be sure not to accidentally touch the quokkas.
(A) factors (B) threatened (C) habitats (D) support
(E) mistaken (F) allergic (G) classified (H) harmful
(I) encouraging (J) attraction (K) preventing (L) reality

 

(A) factor n. 因素 & vt. 把……作為因素計入
Before you make a tough decision, many factors must be taken into consideration.
在你做出困難的決定前,有許多因素必須考慮。

(B) threaten vt. 威脅
Our social fabric is being threatened by crime and a bad economy.
我們的社會結構正遭受犯罪和經濟蕭條的威脅。

(C) habitat n.(動物)棲息地
Many wildlife animals’ natural habitats have diminished due to urban development.
許多野生動物的自然棲地因為都市發展而減少。

(D) support n. & vt. 支持;支撐
The mayor withdrew his support for the presidential candidate at the last moment.
那名市長在最後一刻撤回他對該總統候選人的支持。

(E) mistake vt. 誤認
三態為:mistake, mistook, mistaken。
mistake A for B  誤將 A 當作 B
Brian mistook the young lady for Lady Gaga and asked her for her autograph.
布萊恩把那位年輕女士誤認成女神卡卡並向她要簽名。

(F) allergic a. 過敏的
be allergic to...  對……過敏
I like dogs but unfortunately I’m allergic to them.
我喜歡狗,但不幸的是我對牠們過敏。

(G) classify vt. 分類;歸類
be classified as...  被分類為……
classified a. 機密的
All verbs are classified as either transitive or intransitive.
所有的動詞不是被分類為及物動詞就是不及物動詞。

(H) harmful a. 有害的
be harmful to...  對……有害
Smoking is harmful to your health.
抽菸對你的健康有害。

(I) encourage vt. 鼓勵
encourage sb to V  鼓勵某人從事……
Bob has been encouraging me to take up yoga for months.
鮑伯這幾個月來一直鼓勵我做瑜珈。

(J) attraction n. 吸引人之物(可數);吸引(不可數)
The opportunity to travel is one of the main attractions of this job.
能有機會去不同的地方旅行是這份工作吸引人的一大主要因素。

(K) prevent vt. 阻止;避免
prevent sb from V-ing  阻止某人從事??
The protesters prevented the workers from cutting down the old tree.
抗議者阻止工人砍伐那棵古木。

(L) reality n. 真實;現實
in reality  事實上,實際上
Alex complains about his wife sometimes, but in reality, he loves her dearly.
艾力克斯有時會抱怨太太,但事實上,他非常愛她。

1. But for many, the quokka, a cute, happy-looking, furry animal, is easily the main attraction.
理由
a. 空格前有形容詞 main(主要的),故知空格應置入名詞以被 main 修飾。
b. 選項中有 (A) factors、(C) habitats、(D) support、(J) attraction 及 (L) reality 符合條件,根據語意,對許多人來說,這種可愛、滿臉愉悅的短尾矮袋鼠很容易成為主要的「吸引力」,可知答案應選 (J)。

2. Seventeenth-century Dutch explorers, who had mistaken them for rats, originally gave the island its name, meaning rats’ nest.
理由
a. 空格前有表過去完成式的助動詞 had,而空格後有受詞 them(牠們),故知空格應置入及物動詞的過去分詞形。
b. 選項中有 (B) threatened、(E) mistaken 及 (G) classified 符合條件,根據語意,十七世紀的荷蘭探險家將牠們「誤認」成老鼠,故答案應選 (E)。

3. Though they are classified as vulnerable, quokkas have no predators on the island.
理由
a. 空格前有 be 動詞 are,而空格後有介詞 as,故知空格應置入形容詞或分詞。
b. 選項中尚有 (B) threatened、(F) allergic、(G) classified、(H) harmful、(I) encouraging 及 (K) preventing 符合條件,根據語意,短尾矮袋鼠被「歸類」為易危物種,可知答案應選 (G)。

4. These factors, along with their adorable size, which is...
理由
a. 空格前有指示形容詞 These(這些),故知空格應置入複數名詞。
b. 選項中有 (A) factors 及 (C) habitats 符合條件,空格前一句提及短尾矮袋鼠在人類身邊的放鬆自在及有一張上相臉蛋,這些「因素」加上可愛體型,使牠們成為保育人士和普羅大眾眼中的重要目標,可知答案應選 (A)。

5. There, these cuddly creatures are subject to predation by cats and foxes, and their habitats are under threat, mainly from the logging industry.
理由
a. 空格前有所有格 their(牠們的),而空格後有 be 動詞 are,故知空格應置入複數名詞。
b. 選項中僅剩 (C) habitats 符合條件,且符合語意,短尾矮袋鼠的「棲地」主要因伐木業而備受威脅,可知答案應選 (C)。

6. By encouraging tourists on Rottnest Island to snap selfies with quokkas, conservationists and local wildlife officials have helped...
理由
a. 空格前有介詞 By(藉由),而空格後有受詞 tourists(遊客),故知空格應置入及物動詞的動名詞形。
b. 選項中有 (I) encouraging 及 (K) preventing 符合條件,根據語意,藉由「鼓勵」羅特尼斯島上的遊客與短尾矮袋鼠自拍,保育人士及當地的野生動物主管人員已幫助這些動物爆紅,可知答案應選 (I)。

7. This, in turn, has brought more visitors to Rottnest Island and more support for their cause.
理由
a. 空格前有形容詞 more(更多的),而空格後有介詞 for,故知空格應置入名詞以被 more 修飾。
b. 選項中尚有 (D) support 及 (L) reality 符合條件,根據語意,這進一步為羅特尼斯島帶來更多遊客及對他們目標的「支持」,可知答案應選 (D)。

8. In reality, each selfie increases awareness of their situation.
理由
a. 空格前有介詞 In,故知空格應置入名詞。
b. 選項中僅剩 (L) reality 符合條件,且符合語意,「實際上」,每張自拍都能增加人們對牠們處境的認識,可知答案應選 (L)。

9. There is a strict rule against touching quokkas, though, because they have been known to attack humans if they feel threatened.
理由
a. 空格前有連綴動詞 feel(感覺),故知空格應置入形容詞或分詞。
b. 選項中尚有 (B) threatened、(F) allergic、(H) harmful 及 (K) preventing 符合條件,根據語意,短尾矮袋鼠若感受到「威脅」時就會攻擊人類,可知答案應選 (B)。

10. Quokkas are herbivores, and it has been determined that any type of human-made food is harmful to their health.
理由
a. 空格前有 be 動詞 is,而空格後有介詞 to,故知空格應置入名詞、形容詞或分詞。
b. 選項中尚有 (F) allergic、(H) harmful 及 (K) preventing 符合條件,根據語意,短尾矮袋鼠是草食性動物,而且任何人造食物都已確定對牠們的健康「有害」,可知答案應選 (H)。

cuddly a. 逗人喜愛的;令人想緊抱的
quokka n. 短尾矮袋鼠
isle n. 小島
favored a. 受到喜愛的
furry a. 毛茸茸的
marsupial n. 有袋類動物
the good life  優裕的生活
vulnerable a. 易危的(為世界自然保護聯盟瀕 危物種紅色名錄中的其中一個保護現狀分類)
photogenic a.(某人)上相的
conservationist n. 保育人士
 conservation n. 保育
logging n. 伐木業
selfie n. 自拍照
viral a.(網路用語)爆紅的
celebrity n. 名人,明星
herbivore n. 草食性動物
 carnivore n. 肉食性動物
 omnivore n. 雜食性動物

1. off the coast of...  在……的外海
Albert lives on an island off the coast of Africa.
艾伯特住在非洲外海的一座島嶼上。

2. laze around  消磨,享受
We spent the day lazing around on the beach.
我們在海灘上消磨了一整天。

3. be subject to...  易遭……的;勢將受到……
Anyone who violates the regulations is subject to severe punishment.
任何違反這些規定的人勢將受到嚴厲的懲罰。

4. in turn  因而,轉而
Linda stopped partying, which in turn helped her save a lot of money.
琳達不再出席派對,因而幫自己省下不少錢。

1. stunning a. 令人驚豔的,極美的
Sandra looked stunning in her wedding dress.
穿著婚紗的珊卓看起來美極了。

2. predator n. 掠食者
predation n. 掠食;掠奪
prey n. 獵物
Chameleons change color as a means of hiding from predators.
變色龍利用變色來躲避掠食者。
*chameleon n. 變色龍

3. adorable a. 可愛的
Emily’s baby is so adorable that I can’t help touching his little face whenever I see him.
艾蜜莉的寶寶很可愛,因此每次我看到他就會忍不住摸摸他的小臉。

4. fate n. 命運
It was John’s fate to lead a tough life.
約翰一生註定要過得艱苦。

5. prominent a. 重要的;顯著的,醒目的
Dr. Li is one of the most prominent scientists in our country.
李博士是我國最重要的科學家之一。

6. snap vt. 拍攝(照片)
I snapped a picture of my daughters and wife in front of the Statue of Liberty.
我拍了一張妻女在自由女神像前的照片。

7. official n. 官員
The president threatened to dismiss the transportation officials if the freeway flooded again.
總統揚言若高速公路再淹水,他就會開除交通部官員。

8. sensation n. 引起轟動的人/事/物
cause a sensation  引起轟動
Rose’s acting debut caused a sensation on Broadway.
蘿絲初次登臺表演就在百老匯造成轟動。

9. awareness n. 認識,認知
raise awareness of / about...  喚起關於……的意識
We held a protest to raise awareness of animal abuse.
我們發起抗議活動來喚起人們對虐待動物的認知。

10. prohibition n. 禁令(可數);禁止(不可數)
The government has announced a prohibition against smoking in public places.
政府已頒布一則在公共場所禁菸的禁令。

11. violate vt. 違反
James kept violating the school rules and was eventually kicked out.
詹姆斯不斷違反校規,最後被退學了。

12. accidentally adv. 不小心地,意外地
Jason accidentally told Judy about the party and ruined the surprise.
傑森不小心告訴茱蒂派對的事而破壞了驚喜。

短尾矮袋鼠:萌遍全球的快樂動物
  

  羅特尼斯島是一個令人驚豔的地中海式島嶼,也是澳洲西部外海受歡迎的度假勝地。來到羅特尼斯島的遊客可以健行、衝浪、釣魚或只是閒晃。但對許多人來說,短尾矮袋鼠 ── 一種可愛、滿臉愉悅且毛茸茸的動物 ── 很容易成為主要的吸引力。目前大約有一萬隻這種高度受歡迎的有袋類動物在羅特尼斯島上過著美好的生活。把牠們誤認成老鼠的十七世紀荷蘭探險家最初給這個島嶼命了名,意思為老鼠之窩。
  儘管短尾矮袋鼠被歸類為易危物種,但牠們在該島上沒有任何天敵。牠們在人類身邊天生就感到自在,且有一張讓牠們看起來總是很快樂的上相臉蛋。這些因素加上和家貓差不多的可愛體型,使短尾矮袋鼠的命運成為保育人士和普羅大眾眼中的重要目標。
  棲息於澳洲本島的短尾矮袋鼠數量少得多。在那裡,這些可愛的生物淪為貓和狐狸的獵物,且牠們的棲地主要因伐木業而備受威脅。藉由鼓勵羅特尼斯島上的遊客與短尾矮袋鼠自拍,保育人士及當地的野生動物主管人員已幫助這些動物爆紅。這進一步為羅特尼斯島帶來更多遊客及對他們目標的支持。短尾矮袋鼠的網紅身分使得保育人士更容易讓更多人關注牠們。實際上,每張自拍都能增加人們對牠們處境的認識。
  不過,有一個嚴格的法規禁止觸摸短尾矮袋鼠,因為據了解牠們若感受到威脅時就會攻擊人類。也有禁止餵食牠們的禁令。短尾矮袋鼠是草食性動物,而且任何人造食物都已確定對牠們的健康有害。違反任何一項規定都會被處以約一百一十美元的罰鍰。若你要去的話,盡情地自拍吧。只是千萬別不小心觸摸這些短尾矮袋鼠了。

答案:1. J 2. E 3. G 4. A 5. C 6. I 7. D 8. L 9. B 10. H

 
知識傳遞,讓愛延續

知識傳遞,讓愛延續
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